KabuDo

NASDAQ: GILD · Biotechnology

Gilead Sciences

Gilead Sciences is a biopharmaceutical company focused on HIV, liver disease, COVID-19 and cancer. HIV products made up $20,752 million of its $28,915 million of 2025 product sales, led by Biktarvy ($14,334 million) and Descovy ($2,758 million); it also sells the long-acting HIV prevention drug Yeztugo, liver disease drugs ($3,217 million), oncology drugs including cell therapies and Trodelvy ($3,236 million) and Veklury ($911 million). 2025 revenue was $29,443 million and net income $8,510 million. In April 2026 it bought Arcellx for about $6.4 billion; acquired IPR&D from Arcellx, Tubulis and Ouro Medicines and a $1.75 billion Trodelvy-related IPR&D impairment produced a net loss of $8.5 billion in the first half of 2026.

Last updated

Analysis last edited: October 31, 2026 · Financial data fetched: October 25, 2026 02:51 (SEC EDGAR) · Source 10-K filed: February 24, 2026

Built on10-K FY2025 · filed 2026-02-2410-Q (quarter ended 2026-09-30) · filed 2026-10-30Proxy statement (2026)

Next update expectedAfter FY2026’s 10-K is filed (roughly 60–90 days after fiscal year end (sooner for larger filers)), financials and analysis will be refreshed.

01

At a glanceFrom SEC data

Eight headline measures, each placed among the companies covered on this site.

Revenue growth
3.6%

Higher than 15% of 372 non-financial companies

Average yearly growth over the years shown

Operating margin
34.0%

Higher than 87% of 311 non-financial companies

Latest fiscal year (FY2025)

ROIC minus WACC
+10.7 pts

Higher than 73% of 311 non-financial companies

Return on capital above (or below) its estimated cost

Net debt ÷ EBITDA
1.7x

Higher than 48% of 304 non-financial companies

Below 0 means more cash than debt

Cash conversion
1.18x

Higher than 20% of 349 non-financial companies

Operating cash flow ÷ net income

Dividend raises
5 of 5

Years the dividend per share rose, of the last 5

P/E today
—

Latest close 2026-11-04; trailing 12 months to 2026-09-30

Beta
0.54

Above 1 = moves more than the market

Each marker shows where this company sits among the non-financial companies covered on this site, not all listed companies (left = lowest, right = highest). A high position is not automatically good — for net debt ÷ EBITDA, higher means more debt. Details and formulas are in the sections below and in How to read this.

02

Valuation todayFrom SEC data

Price-based measures at the latest close, next to the same measures at the last fiscal year-end.

Share price$170.46close on 2026-11-04

Market cap$211.54B

P/E today
—

At FY2025 year-end: 18.1x

Earnings: trailing 12 months to 2026-09-30

P/B today
9.3x

At FY2025 year-end: 6.7x

Book value at FY2025 year-end

EV/EBITDA today
22.0x

At FY2025 year-end: 16.3x

EBITDA for FY2025

FCF yield today
4.5%

At FY2025 year-end: 6.2%

Free cash flow for FY2025

Dividend yield today
1.9%

Dividends per share for FY2025

“Today” uses the latest closing price (2026-11-04, Yahoo Finance daily closing prices) and shares outstanding at the last fiscal year-end. The rest of this page — including the financial table and ROIC vs. WACC — uses fiscal year-end prices. These are reference figures, not a judgment of whether the stock is cheap or expensive.

03

What changed since last earningsFrom SEC data

The latest reported quarter against the same quarter a year earlier, the balance sheet against the previous quarter-end, and what management said in its latest earnings release.

Quarter ended Sep 30, 2026.

  • Revenue↑ +6.8%$7.77B → $8.3B (vs. a year earlier)
  • Operating margin↓ −1.1 pts42.8% → 41.7% (vs. a year earlier)
  • Net income↓ −20.4%$3.05B → $2.43B (vs. a year earlier)
  • Diluted EPS↓ −20.2%$2.43 → $1.94 (vs. a year earlier)
  • Cash↑ +102.5%$3.18B → $6.44B (vs. previous quarter-end)
  • Long-term debt→ −0.1%$26.25B → $26.23B (vs. previous quarter-end)

Source: Form 10-Q ↗ (SEC XBRL). Long-term debt is the tagged long-term debt figure and leaves out short-term borrowings.

From the earnings release of Oct 29, 2026.

Management outlook ↑ Raised

Raised full-year base business revenue guidance again. Source sentence
“Our performance enabled us to raise our full year base business revenue guidance again this quarter, bringing the total increase to $1.6 billion since the start of 2026.

Key changes

  • Q3 product sales up 13% to $8.3B. Source sentence
    Total third quarter 2026 product sales increased 13% to $8.3 billion compared to the same period in 2025, primarily driven by higher sales of HIV products, Trodelvy® (sacituzumab govitecan-hziy) and Livdelzi® (seladelpar), partially offset by lower sales of Veklury® (remdesivir) and Cell Therapy products.
  • Biktarvy sales up 10% to $4.1B. Source sentence
    Biktarvy Sales Increased 10% Year-Over-Year to $4.1 Billion

Written by AI. A line appears only if its figures and direction match the quoted sentence, which an automatic check confirms. Companies' outlooks are their own and may not be met. Read the release ↗

04

Company profileFrom SEC dataShow

Legal name
GILEAD SCIENCES, INC.
Headquarters
FOSTER CITY, CA
Incorporated in
Delaware
Fiscal year end
12/31
Exchange & ticker
NASDAQ: GILD
Industry
Biotechnology
CIK
882095

Workforce (as of FY2025 year-end)

  • Employees

    17,000

Source: Form 10-K (FY2025) cover page and business description

05

Earnings calendarFrom SEC dataShow

When the company reports each quarter: the quarter-end date, the day results were released, and when the 10-Q or 10-K was filed.

Next report

Q4 FY2026

Quarter end: December 2026. In past years, Q4 results were released 37–42 days after quarter end (Feb 10, 2026; Feb 11, 2025; Feb 6, 2024). No date has been announced in the sources this site uses.

Reporting pattern

  • Fiscal year ends around December 31.
  • Reports four times a year: three quarterly reports (10-Q) and an annual report (10-K) for Q4.
  • Earnings releases came 24–42 days after quarter end over the last 12 quarters.
QuarterQuarter endedEarnings release (8-K)Report filed (10-Q / 10-K)
Q3 FY2026Sep 30, 2026Oct 29, 2026 (+29 days)Oct 30, 2026 10-Q (+30 days)
Q2 FY2026Jun 30, 2026Aug 4, 2026 (+35 days)Aug 6, 2026 10-Q (+37 days)
Q1 FY2026Mar 31, 2026May 7, 2026 (+37 days)May 7, 2026 10-Q (+37 days)
Q4 FY2025Dec 31, 2025Feb 10, 2026 (+41 days)Feb 24, 2026 10-K (+55 days)
Q3 FY2025Sep 30, 2025Oct 30, 2025 (+30 days)Nov 7, 2025 10-Q (+38 days)
Q2 FY2025Jun 30, 2025Aug 7, 2025 (+38 days)Aug 7, 2025 10-Q (+38 days)
Q1 FY2025Mar 31, 2025Apr 24, 2025 (+24 days)May 7, 2025 10-Q (+37 days)
Q4 FY2024Dec 31, 2024Feb 11, 2025 (+42 days)Feb 28, 2025 10-K (+59 days)
Q3 FY2024Sep 30, 2024Nov 6, 2024 (+37 days)Nov 12, 2024 10-Q (+43 days)
Q2 FY2024Jun 30, 2024Aug 8, 2024 (+39 days)Aug 8, 2024 10-Q (+39 days)
Q1 FY2024Mar 31, 2024Apr 25, 2024 (+25 days)May 8, 2024 10-Q (+38 days)
Q4 FY2023Dec 31, 2023Feb 6, 2024 (+37 days)Feb 23, 2024 10-K (+54 days)

Source: SEC EDGAR filing history. Release dates are the dates the earnings release was furnished to the SEC on Form 8-K (Item 2.02), which is normally the day results are announced. For a quarter whose 10-Q or 10-K isn’t filed yet, the date is the latest Item 2.02 8-K since the previous report, which may be a preliminary or other results-related update. Fiscal years are labeled by the calendar year in which they end.

06

Flagship products & servicesSite analysis

  • HIV

    Biktarvy

    Once-daily single-tablet HIV treatment; $14,334M in 2025 (+7%).

  • HIV

    Descovy and Yeztugo

    Descovy for treatment and PrEP ($2,758M, +31%); Yeztugo (lenacapavir) is a twice-yearly injectable PrEP option.

  • HIV

    Genvoya, Odefsey, Symtuza and others

    Older HIV regimens, generally declining.

  • Liver Disease

    Epclusa, Vemlidy, Livdelzi

    Hepatitis C, hepatitis B and primary biliary cholangitis treatments; $3,217M.

  • Oncology

    Cell therapy (Yescarta, Tecartus) and Trodelvy

    CAR T-cell therapies and the antibody-drug conjugate Trodelvy ($1,397M).

  • Other

    Veklury and AmBisome

    COVID-19 antiviral ($911M) and antifungal ($509M).

From the Form 10-K, FY2025.

U.S. and worldwide share of flagship products/services

The 10-K gives no market share figure for its products.

Reviewed: Form 10-K (FY2025) · Form 10-Q (quarter ended 2026-09-30)

07

Recent strategic focusSite analysis

Recent developments.

  1. 2025 results

    Revenue $29,443M (+2%); net income $8,510M versus $480M in 2024, when CymaBay acquired IPR&D weighed.

    Source: Form 10-K (FY2025)

  2. Arcellx acquisition

    Agreed February 22, 2026 and completed April 28, 2026; about $6.4B in cash net of cash acquired.

    Source: Form 8-K (2026-04-28) — Item 8.01 completion of Arcellx acquisition

  3. Q3 2026

    Product sales rose 13% to $8.3B ($8.2B excluding Veklury, +16%); Biktarvy +10% to $4.1B, HIV +18%, and HIV prevention sales nearly doubled. Diluted EPS was $1.94 (vs $2.43) on equity investment losses. Gilead raised its full-year base business revenue guidance again, by $1.6B in total since the start of 2026.

    Source: Q3 2026 earnings release

  4. Legal win

    In August 2026 the California Supreme Court ruled for Gilead on negligence in the TDF product liability cases, and in October 2026 the trial court entered judgment for Gilead and dismissed the California state cases with prejudice.

    Source: Form 10-Q (quarter ended 2026-09-30) — Note 10, Commitments and Contingencies

Capex ÷ D&A (FY2025)

1.52x

Well above depreciation — expansion-stage investment

formulacapital expenditures ÷ depreciation & amortization

e.g.$563M ÷ $370M = 1.52x

termsCapital expenditures (capex) · Depreciation & amortization (D&A)

R&D-to-revenue ratio (FY2025)

19.7%

formularesearch & development expense ÷ revenue × 100

e.g.$5,799M ÷ $29,443M × 100 = 19.7%

termsResearch & development (R&D) · Revenue (net sales)

M&A spend (6-year total)

$36.36B

Latest year: $1.07B

Cash-flow-statement spending on acquisitions, net of cash acquired

Where the money goes, over time

Unit: $M. Capex went from $650M in FY2020 to $563M in FY2025

  • Capex
  • R&D
  • M&A spend

formulacapital expenditures ÷ depreciation & amortization

termsCapital expenditures (capex) · Depreciation & amortization (D&A)

Source: each period's Form 10-K (SEC EDGAR). Latest: filed 2026-02-24

08

Key figures at a glanceFrom SEC data

FY2020–FY2025, 6 years.

Revenue (FY2025)

$29.44B

As reported in the 10-K

Revenue CAGR (5 years)

+3.6%

formula(last-period revenue ÷ first-period revenue) ^ (1 ÷ years) − 1

e.g.($29,443M ÷ $24,689M) ^ (1÷5) − 1 = 3.6%

termsCAGR · ^ (exponent) · Revenue (net sales)

Operating margin (FY2025)

34.0%▲favorable

+17.5pt vs. 5 years ago

formulaoperating income ÷ revenue × 100

e.g.$10,022M ÷ $29,443M × 100 = 34.0%

termsOperating income · Revenue (net sales)

ROE (FY2025)

40.5%▲favorable

6-year average: 20.4%

As reported in the 10-K

P/B (FY2025 end)

6.71x

formulafiscal year-end closing price ÷ book value per share

e.g.$122.74 ÷ $18.29 = 6.71x

termsP/B · BVPS

Period-end (fiscal year-end) value, not today's P/B

EV/EBITDA (FY2025 end)

16.3x

formula(market cap + interest-bearing debt − cash and equivalents) ÷ (operating income + depreciation & amortization)

e.g.($152,320M + $24,937M − $7,564M) ÷ ($10,022M + $370M) = 16.3x

termsEV/EBITDA · Market capitalization · Interest-bearing debt · EBITDA · Depreciation & amortization (D&A)

Period-end (fiscal year-end) value, not today's multiple

  • ―

    Revenue grew +3.6% a year over 5 years (modest growth)

    From $24.69B in FY2020 to $29.44B in FY2025. The annualized rate (CAGR) makes it possible to compare growth pace across companies of different sizes.

  • ▲

    Operating margin improved: 16.5% → 34.0%

    How much operating profit is left per $100 of revenue. It moved +17.5 points over 5 years — pricing power, cost control, and product mix all show up here.

  • ―

    Equity ratio is 38.5% (a middling level)

    The share of total assets funded by equity rather than debt. 50%+ is often read as low bankruptcy risk, though the right level varies by industry (real estate and leasing run lower, for instance).

  • ▲

    Free cash flow was positive in 6 of 6 years

    Operating cash flow minus capital expenditures: the cash left over after funding the business’s own investment, available for dividends, buybacks, acquisitions, or debt paydown. A negative year can mean heavy investment, or weak core earnings — worth distinguishing.

  • ▲

    ROE averaged 20.4% over 6 years (latest: 40.5%)

    How much profit was generated on shareholders’ equity. Roughly 10%+ is often cited as solid for a U.S. company, though this varies a lot by industry and capital intensity.

09

Business modelSite analysis

Discovers, develops and sells innovative medicines, mostly in the U.S. through three large wholesalers; revenue depends on patent-protected brands such as Biktarvy.

How money and goods flow at Gilead Sciences
  1. 01 what it draws on

    Inputs & resources

    • About 17,000 employees
    • Over 50 clinical-stage programs
    • Patents on key products (e.g. Biktarvy U.S. 2036)
  2. 02 what it does

    Activities

    • Research and development, including partnerships and acquisitions
    • Manufacturing
    • Commercialization in more than 35 countries
  3. 03 who it serves

    Customers

    • U.S. wholesalers (Cardinal Health, Cencora, McKesson)
    • Distributors and corporate partners abroad
  4. 04 how money comes in

    How it earns

    • Product sales $28,915M (2025)
    • Royalty, contract and other revenues $527M

How the business makes money

  • About 90% of U.S. gross product sales go to three wholesalers.
  • HIV is about 70% of product sales.
  • Veklury (COVID-19) sales fell 49% in 2025.

Government & regulation around the business

Non-market factors from the company’s filings: what governments and regulators fund, buy, set, approve or restrict, and which part of the flow above each one touches.

Gilead expects Medicare negotiation to cut Biktarvy’s price from 2028 and faces pharmaceutical tariffs.

  • Regulated prices & reimbursement

    Medicare negotiation

    HHS selected Biktarvy in January 2026 for negotiated Medicare prices effective 2028; Gilead expects the price to be substantially lower.

    Constrains the businessTouches: How it earns

    Source: Form 10-K (FY2025)

  • Trade & export rules

    Pharmaceutical tariffs

    Tariffs and retaliation may raise costs and hurt competitiveness outside the U.S.

    Constrains the businessTouches: Inputs & resources · How it earns

    Source: Form 10-K (FY2025)

Revenue by segment (FY2025 product sales)

Unit: $M — bar length = revenue, (%) = share of total company revenue

  • HIV

    20,752 (72%)
  • Liver Disease

    3,217 (11%)
  • Oncology

    3,236 (11%)
  • Veklury

    911 (3%)
  • Other

    799 (3%)

Source: Form 10-K (FY2025) Gilead has one operating segment; this is product sales by therapeutic area. Royalty, contract and other revenues were $527M.

10

Where it earnsSite analysis

Many U.S.-listed companies earn most of their revenue outside the U.S. — this breaks down revenue by country/region so it's clear where the business actually makes its money.

Largest market (FY2025)

U.S. — 71% of revenue

Revenue by country / region (FY2025)

Unit: $M — bar length = revenue, (%) = share of total company revenue

  • U.S.

    20,876 (71%)
  • Europe

    5,064 (17%)
  • Rest of World

    3,503 (12%)

Source: Form 10-K (FY2025) Total revenues by region.

11

Contract structureSite analysisShow

Short-term or spot sales carry different earnings quality than long-term or auto-renewing contracts — this shows how the company actually contracts with its customers.

12

Alliances & capital tiesSite analysisShow

Equity stakes, joint ventures, and strategic partnerships disclosed across the 10-K, 8-Ks, and proxy statement.

  • Pending or recent acquisition

    Arcellx

    Acquired April 2026 for about $6.4B; previously co-developed anitocabtagene autoleucel with Arcellx.

    Source: Form 10-Q (quarter ended 2026-09-30)

  • Licensing agreement

    Janssen (Johnson & Johnson)

    Symtuza revenue share: Gilead records its share of Symtuza sales ($495M in 2025).

    Source: Form 10-K (FY2025)

13

Customers & suppliersSite analysis

Who the company sells to and buys from. Companies rarely name either, so named counterparties come only from the company's own filings and press releases; otherwise this lists the concentration figures the 10-K discloses.

Customers

U.S. wholesalers and international distributors.

Named by the company

Cardinal Health, Cencora and McKesson together account for about 90% of U.S. gross product sales.

Suppliers

Own facilities and third-party manufacturers.

Named by the company

No single supplier is named as material.

14

Competitors & peersSite analysis

Competitors the 10-K names, and the peer group the company itself chose in its proxy statement. Nothing here is this site's own pick.

The 10-K describes competition with large pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, generic makers and research institutions but names no specific competitors.

Competitors named in the 10-K

The 10-K names no specific competitor.

Peer group the company chose

2025 compensation peer group (10 companies), from the proxy statement. Peers are companies the board considers comparable — for example when setting executive pay — not necessarily direct competitors.

U.S. biopharmaceutical and pharmaceutical companies, unchanged from 2024.

Source: Proxy statement (2026)

Company names link to this site’s analysis where one exists; “site ↗” opens the company’s own website.

15

Six years of financialsFrom SEC data

Each chart's axis holds a single unit (never mixing dollars, %, and $/share). The table's per-period header links to the filing the numbers came from.

Revenue over time

Unit: $M

Source: each period's Form 10-K (SEC EDGAR). Latest: filed 2026-02-24

Profit over time (operating → net)

Unit: $M

  • Operating income
  • Pretax income
  • Net income

Source: each period's Form 10-K (SEC EDGAR). Latest: filed 2026-02-24

Margins over time

Unit: %

  • Operating margin
  • Net margin

formulaoperating income ÷ revenue × 100

termsOperating income · Revenue (net sales)

formulanet income attributable to the company ÷ revenue × 100

termsNet income (attributable to the company)

Cash flow over time

Unit: $M (below zero = cash went out)

  • Operating CF
  • Investing CF
  • Free CF

formulacash flow from operations − capital expenditures

termsFree cash flow (FCF) · Cash flow from operations (operating CF) · Capital expenditures (capex)

Source: each period's Form 10-K (SEC EDGAR). Latest: filed 2026-02-24

Financial stability & capital efficiency

Unit: %

  • Equity ratio
  • ROE

formulatotal equity ÷ total assets × 100 (as reported in the 10-K)

termsStockholders’ equity · Total assets

formulanet income ÷ average equity (beginning + ending, ÷2) × 100 (as reported in the 10-K)

termsNet income (attributable to the company) · Stockholders’ equity

Earnings per share (EPS) and dividend per share

Unit: $

  • EPS
  • Dividend per share

Source: each period's Form 10-K (SEC EDGAR). Latest: filed 2026-02-24

Line itemFY202010-K on EDGAR ↗FY202110-K on EDGAR ↗FY202210-K on EDGAR ↗FY202310-K on EDGAR ↗FY202410-K on EDGAR ↗FY202510-K on EDGAR ↗
Income statement ($M)
Revenue24,68927,30527,28127,11628,75429,443
Operating income4,0719,9187,3307,6051,66210,022
Pretax income1,6698,2785,8146,8596909,796
Net income (attributable)1236,2254,5925,6654808,510
Revenue growthcalc(this year’s revenue − last year’s revenue) ÷ last year’s revenue × 100—10.6%-0.1%-0.6%6.0%2.4%
Operating margincalcoperating income ÷ revenue × 10016.5%36.3%26.9%28.0%5.8%34.0%
Net margincalcnet income attributable to the company ÷ revenue × 1000.5%22.8%16.8%20.9%1.7%28.9%
Balance sheet ($M)
Total assets68,40767,95263,17162,12558,99559,023
Total equity18,22121,06921,24022,83319,33022,703
Interest-bearing debtSum of short- and long-term borrowings, notes/bonds payable31,40226,69525,22924,98726,71024,937
Equity ratio26.6%31.0%33.6%36.8%32.8%38.5%
ROE0.7%31.7%21.7%25.7%2.3%40.5%
Cash flow ($M)
Operating CF8,16811,3849,0728,00610,82810,019
Investing CF-14,615-3,131-2,466-2,265-3,449-4,793
Financing CF770-8,877-6,469-5,125-3,433-7,745
Free cash flowcalccash flow from operations − capital expenditures7,51810,8058,3447,42110,3059,456
Cash and equivalents5,9975,3385,4126,0859,9917,564
Per share & other
EPS ($)0.104.933.644.500.386.78
BVPS ($)14.5216.8017.0318.3315.5118.29
Dividend per share ($)2.722.842.923.003.083.16
Payout ratiocalcdividend per share ÷ diluted EPS × 1002720.0%57.6%80.2%66.7%810.5%46.6%
P/E (x)582.614.723.618.0243.118.1
EV/EBITDA (x)calc(market cap + interest-bearing debt − cash and equivalents) ÷ (operating income + depreciation & amortization)22.611.016.615.164.516.3
P/B (x)calcfiscal year-end closing price ÷ book value per share4.014.325.044.425.956.71

P/B and EV/EBITDA use each period’s period-end (fiscal year-end) figures, not the current share price. Figures without a "calc" tag are as reported in the Form 10-K (the consolidated financial statements and, for older years, earlier 10-Ks), pulled automatically from SEC EDGAR. Where a later filing restated a prior period, the restated figure is used.

Last 8 quarters

Three-month figures from 10-Q filings. Change is versus the same quarter a year earlier. Newest quarter on top.

Quarter endedRevenueOperating incomeNet incomeDiluted EPS
2026-09-30$8.3B+6.8%$3.46B+4.1%$2.43B-20.4%$1.94
2026-06-30$7.8B+10.2%−$10.39B-520.1%−$10.5B-635.5%$-8.45
2026-03-31$6.96B+4.4%$2.59B+15.6%$2.02B+53.7%$1.61
2025-12-31 †$7.93B+4.7%$1.98B-19.1%$2.18B+22.4%—
2025-09-30$7.77B$3.33B$3.05B$2.43
2025-06-30$7.08B$2.47B$1.96B$1.56
2025-03-31$6.67B$2.24B$1.32B$1.04
2024-12-31 †$7.57B$2.45B$1.78B—

† Fourth quarter = the 10-K’s annual figure minus the first three quarters; quarterly EPS isn’t derived this way because share counts change during the year.

16

Is ROIC above WACC?From SEC data

ROIC (the return on money invested in the business) above WACC (the cost of raising that money) means the company is creating value. WACC is an estimate, so its assumptions can be adjusted below.

ROIC (FY2025)

18.0%

formulaoperating income × (1 − tax rate) ÷ invested capital × 100 *invested capital = interest-bearing debt + total equity (average of beginning/ending)

e.g.$10,022M × (1 − 16%) ÷ $46,840M × 100 = 18.0%

termsOperating income · Effective tax rate · Invested capital · Interest-bearing debt · Total equity

WACC (this site’s estimate)

7.29%

formulacost of equity × equity weight + cost of debt × (1 − tax rate) × debt weight

e.g.Equity weight: $152.32B ÷ ($152.32B + $24.94B) = 85.9%

e.g.Debt weight: $24.94B ÷ ($152.32B + $24.94B) = 14.1%

e.g.WACC: 7.9% × 85.9% + 4.1% × (1 − 16%) × 14.1% = 7.29%

termsCost of equity · Equity weight (E/(D+E)) · Cost of debt · (1 − tax rate) · Debt weight (D/(D+E)) · Market capitalization

ROIC − WACC

+10.7pt▲favorable

Earning more than the cost of capital (ROIC > WACC in 4 of 6 years)

formulaROIC − WACC (positive means the business earns more than its cost of capital)

termsROIC · WACC

How firm is this? With the equity risk premium ±1 point and beta ±0.2, WACC runs 6.1%–8.9% and ROIC − WACC runs +9.1 to +11.9 points. The sign holds across this range. This describes the latest year and does not predict future value creation.

WACC 7.29% is this site’s estimate under the assumptions below (not a figure the company has published)

Risk-free rate
4.95% (10-year Treasury, 2026-11-03)
β
0.54 (price-derived adjusted beta, but correlation with the market is low (R² 0.04), so reliability is limited)
Equity risk premium
5.5%
Cost of equity
7.92%
Cost of debt
4.11%
Tax rate
16% (effective rate, FY2023–FY2025)
Capital structure (equity : debt)
86% : 14%
→ Change assumptions and recalculate

ROIC over time, vs. WACC

Unit: % — bars = each period's ROIC, horizontal line = latest WACC. Bars above the line are green, below are red

  • ROIC (above WACC)
  • ROIC (below WACC)
  • WACC 7.29%

formulaoperating income × (1 − tax rate) ÷ invested capital × 100 *invested capital = interest-bearing debt + total equity (average of beginning/ending)

termsOperating income · Effective tax rate · Invested capital · Interest-bearing debt · Total equity

formulacost of equity × equity weight + cost of debt × (1 − tax rate) × debt weight

termsCost of equity · Equity weight (E/(D+E)) · Cost of debt · (1 − tax rate) · Debt weight (D/(D+E)) · Market capitalization

Try different WACC assumptions

β and the equity risk premium are estimates with a real range of plausible values — move the sliders to check whether ROIC > WACC still holds. The risk-free rate starts at the 10-year Treasury yield on 2026-11-03 (U.S. Treasury).

Initial β: 0.54 (price-derived adjusted beta. Raw β 0.32, R² 0.04, 130 weeks)

formula0.67 × β + 0.33 (β = the slope of weekly stock returns regressed on weekly market returns)

e.g.0.67 × 0.317 + 0.33 = 0.542

termsβ (beta)

Period 2024-05-10–2026-11-04, using S&P 500 ETF (SPY) as the market proxy. Source: Yahoo Finance price history.

Cost of equity7.92%

formularisk-free rate + β × equity risk premium

e.g.5.0% + 0.54 × 5.5% = 7.9%

termsCAPM · Risk-free rate · β (beta) · Equity risk premium (market risk premium)

Market value of equity$152.32B

formulafiscal year-end closing price × shares outstanding (= market cap)

termsMarket capitalization · Market value of equity

Interest-bearing debt$24.94B
Cost of debt4.11%

formulainterest expense ÷ interest-bearing debt × 100 (clamped to 0–10%; falls back to the risk-free rate if there’s no debt)

termsInterest-bearing debt · Risk-free rate

Capital structure (equity weight : debt weight)86% : 14%

17

What the price implies (DCF)From SEC data

A company's value can be written as its free cash flow divided by (cost of capital − perpetual growth). Working that backwards from the market's valuation shows how much growth the share price assumed — compared here with the company's actual past growth.

Growth the price implies (price on 2026-11-04)

3.2%

Perpetual FCF growth: g = r − FCF ÷ EV = 7.3% − 4.1%

Past FCF growth (FY2020–FY2025)

+4.7%

Compound annual rate, 5 years

Past revenue growth (FY2020–FY2025)

+3.6%

Compound annual rate, 5 years

Inputs (FY2025): free cash flow $9.46B (operating CF − capex); enterprise value $228.85B = market cap $211.54B (latest close, 2026-11-04) + debt $24.94B − cash and short-term investments $7.63B; r = WACC of 7.3% using this page’s default assumptions (β 0.54, risk-free 5.0%, market premium 5.5%).

Three WACC scenarios

The same calculation under cautious, base and optimistic cost-of-capital assumptions (risk-free rate fixed at the 10-year Treasury yield). Pick one to load it into the sliders below.

Try your own assumptions

V = FCF ÷ (r − g). It starts at the implied growth rate, where the theoretical value equals today’s enterprise value.

Theoretical enterprise value

$230.63B

FCF $9.46B ÷ (7.3% − 3.2%)

Theoretical ÷ actual enterprise value

1.01x

Above 1x: these assumptions value the business above the market did

How sensitive the answer is

Theoretical ÷ actual enterprise value for each combination of r and g.

g \ r5.3%6.3%7.3%8.3%9.3%
0%0.78x0.66x0.57x0.50x0.44x
2%1.25x0.96x0.78x0.66x0.57x
4%3.18x1.80x1.25x0.96x0.78x
6%—13.77x3.18x1.80x1.25x
8%———13.77x3.18x

A simplified model for seeing what the market price assumes, not a forecast or a target price. It treats free cash flow as growing at one constant rate forever; the result swings widely with small changes in r and g, and is undefined when g reaches r. Free cash flow here is operating cash flow minus capex, which is after interest — a full DCF of enterprise value would use cash flow before interest. Market cap uses the latest close (2026-11-04) × shares at fiscal year-end; free cash flow and WACC inputs are from the latest fiscal year.

18

Earnings qualityFrom SEC dataShow

The same reported profit can mean different things depending on whether it's backed by cash, driven by the core business, or the result of a one-off item. Four checks below.

  • ✓

    Operating CF ÷ net income: averages 15.89x

    Profit is backed by cash coming in.

  • ✓

    Accrual ratio (latest): -2.6%

    A small share of profit rests on accounting estimates.

  • ✓

    Core-earnings share (operating income ÷ pretax income): 102%

    Most profit comes from core operations.

  • ✓

    Days sales outstanding: 72 → 58 days

    No major slowdown in collecting on sales.

Operating CF vs. net income

Unit: $M — operating CF above net income means profit is backed by cash

  • Operating CF
  • Net income

formulacash flow from operations ÷ net income attributable to the company

termsCash flow from operations (operating CF) · Net income (attributable to the company)

formula(net income − operating CF) ÷ average total assets × 100

termsNet income (attributable to the company) · Cash flow from operations (operating CF) · Total assets

Source: each period's Form 10-K (SEC EDGAR). Latest: filed 2026-02-24

Profit bridge (FY2025)

Unit: $M — what moved profit from operating income to net income

  • Profit (each stage)
  • Pushed profit up
  • Pushed profit down

formulaoperating income ÷ income before income taxes × 100

termsOperating income · Income before income taxes (pretax income)

Source: each period's Form 10-K (SEC EDGAR). Latest: filed 2026-02-24

Receivables & inventory days

Unit: days — days grow when receivables or inventory build up faster than sales

  • Days sales outstanding
  • Days inventory outstanding

formulaaverage receivables (opening + closing ÷ 2) ÷ revenue × 365

termsAccounts receivable · Revenue (net sales)

formulaaverage inventory (opening + closing ÷ 2) ÷ cost of revenue × 365

termsInventory · Cost of revenue (COGS)

Worked examples (latest period)

formulacash flow from operations ÷ net income attributable to the company

e.g.$10,019M ÷ $8,510M = 1.18x

termsCash flow from operations (operating CF) · Net income (attributable to the company)

formulaoperating income ÷ income before income taxes × 100

e.g.$10,022M ÷ $9,796M × 100 = 102%

termsOperating income · Income before income taxes (pretax income)

formulaaverage receivables (opening + closing ÷ 2) ÷ revenue × 365

e.g.($4,420M + $4,913M) ÷ 2 ÷ $29,443M × 365 = 58 days

termsAccounts receivable · Revenue (net sales)

formulaaverage inventory (opening + closing ÷ 2) ÷ cost of revenue × 365

e.g.($1,710M + $1,774M) ÷ 2 ÷ $6,234M × 365 = 102 days

termsInventory · Cost of revenue (COGS)

19

Who holds the sharesFrom SEC dataShow

How much of the stock large institutional investors report owning on SEC Form 13F, how much the directors and executive officers hold (and how much of the vote they control), and roughly how much is left for individual investors. Shown next to beta so the holder mix can be read alongside how much the stock swings.

Institutions, insiders and everyone else, 13F holdings as of 2026-06-30

“Everyone else” is what remains after shares reported on Form 13F and shares held by directors and executive officers: mostly individual investors, plus non-insider families or foundations and smaller or foreign institutions. The figures have different dates and 13F reports count some shares twice — read it as an approximate split.

Held by 13F filers
89.9%
Directors & officers (shares)
<1%
Everyone else (est.)
10.1%

individuals and other non-13F holders

Directors & officers (voting power)
<1%

no separate voting figure; shown as shares

Institutional-ownership rank
191 of 416

1 = most institutional; 46% of covered companies have more

Beta (adjusted)
0.54

above 1 = swings more than the market

  • 1,114.4M shares reported by 2,275 13F filers ÷ 1,240.0M shares outstanding on 2026-07-31. Option positions are excluded.
  • Directors and executive officers as a group, from the proxy statement’s beneficial-ownership table; includes shares they can acquire within 60 days.
  • A large “everyone else” share can still reflect a family, trust or foundation stake held outside the board; check the proxy statement’s 5% holders.

Sources: SEC Form 13F data set (holdings as of 2026-06-30) · Form DEF 14A filed 2026-03-20 (beneficial ownership table) · Form 10-Q cover page (shares outstanding as of 2026-07-31)

20

Strengths & weaknessesSite analysis

Strengths

  1. 1. HIV franchise

    HIV product sales of $20,752M in 2025, up 6%; Biktarvy alone $14,334M.

    Evidence: Form 10-K (FY2025)

  2. 2. Long patent runway for key drugs

    U.S. patent expiry is 2036 for Biktarvy and 2037 for Sunlenca and Yeztugo.

    Evidence: Form 10-K (FY2025)

  3. 3. Strong cash generation

    Operating cash flow of $10,019M in 2025 funded $4.0B of dividends and $1.9B of buybacks.

    Evidence: Form 10-K (FY2025)

Weaknesses

  1. 1. Dependence on HIV

    HIV is about 70% of product sales.

    Evidence: Form 10-K (FY2025)

  2. 2. Large acquisition write-offs

    Acquired IPR&D and impairments led to a $8.5B net loss in the first half of 2026 and low net income in 2024 (CymaBay).

    Evidence: Form 10-Q (quarter ended 2026-06-30)

  3. 3. Customer concentration

    About 90% of U.S. gross product sales go to Cardinal Health, Cencora and McKesson.

    Evidence: Form 10-K (FY2025)

21

What draws investors to itSite analysis

Why the stock can look attractive to investors — each point paired with what has to hold for it to stay true, and the opposing view. This is this site's analysis, not a recommendation to buy or sell.

P/E (FY2025)

18.1x

Price at fiscal year-end ÷ diluted EPS

Dividend yield (FY2025)

2.57%

Dividends per share ÷ fiscal year-end price

Payout ratio (FY2025)

47%

Dividends per share ÷ diluted EPS

FCF yield (FY2025)

6.2%

(Operating CF − capex) ÷ market cap

  1. 1. Rising dividend

    Dividend per share rose each year from $2.72 (2020) to $3.16 (2025).

    What has to hold
    HIV cash flow stays strong.
    The other side
    Acquisition spending and litigation.

    Evidence: Form 10-K (FY2025)

  2. 2. HIV prevention growth

    Descovy sales +31% in 2025 and Yeztugo launched.

    What has to hold
    PrEP adoption grows.
    The other side
    Pricing pressure.

    Evidence: Form 10-K (FY2025)

Net income is volatile because acquired IPR&D from asset acquisitions is expensed immediately (2024 CymaBay; 2026 Arcellx, Tubulis, Ouro).

22

ResilienceSite analysisShow

How well the company could absorb a bad year: its financial buffer, how its revenue and profit held up in the worst year on record, and what the 10-K says about the business's exposure to shocks. Figures and filing statements only — no overall rating.

1. Financial buffer (FY2025)

Cash & short-term investments ÷ debt due within a year

2.7x

$7.63B vs. $2.81B

Interest coverage (operating income ÷ interest expense)

9.8x

$10.02B vs. $1.02B

Free cash flow ÷ dividends paid

2.4x

$9.46B vs. $4B (FCF = operating CF − capex)

2. Worst year in the record, and the recovery

FigureWorst year-over-year changeBack to the prior level?
Revenue-0.6% in FY2023 ($27.28B → $27.12B)Yes, by FY2024
Operating income-78.1% in FY2024 ($7.61B → $1.66B)Yes, by FY2025

Covers only the 6 fiscal years on record (FY2020–FY2025), which may not include a full recession — the worst year here isn’t necessarily how the company would fare in a severe downturn.

3. Business resilience (from the 10-K)

  • Recurring treatment

    HIV medicines are taken daily or long-term; HIV sales grew 6% in 2025.

    Source: Form 10-K (FY2025)

24

Risks (including geopolitical)Site analysis

Starting from the 10-K's Risk Factors section, organized by category — geopolitical, currency, raw materials, regulatory, disaster, and more — with impact and likelihood assessed by this site.

Risk map

Vertical = impact on results, horizontal = likelihood. Upper right = most severe. Numbers match the list below (placement is this site’s own assessment).

Impact
High
134
2
Med
5
Low
LowMedHigh

Likelihood →

"Company disclosure" vs. "this site’s assessment"

The description and mitigation for each risk are this site’s summary of the 10-K’s "Risk Factors" section. Impact and likelihood are this site’s own assessment, not the company’s — where the company discloses its own likelihood assessment, that is noted in the summary.

Impact is judged from how large the affected business is relative to total revenue/profit, and from the risk’s track record of moving results in the past. Likelihood is judged from the filing’s wording and the current business environment (already occurring, or recurring). See the rating criteria.

  1. 1Competition & technology shift

    Generic and new competitors

    Company disclosure (summarized from the 10-K)
    Loss of exclusivity may come earlier than expected under ANDA settlements; Cipla filed a 505(b)(2) application for emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide.
    Company’s stated mitigation
    Not stated in the filings.
    This site’s assessment
    Impact High / Likelihood Med
  2. 2Law & regulation

    Drug pricing

    Company disclosure (summarized from the 10-K)
    U.S. pricing pressure, including Medicare negotiation and 340B rules.
    Company’s stated mitigation
    Not stated in the filings.
    This site’s assessment
    Impact High / Likelihood High
  3. 3Law & regulation

    Product liability and antitrust litigation

    Company disclosure (summarized from the 10-K)
    About 23,000 plaintiffs allege tenofovir disoproxil products caused injuries; HIV antitrust claims are on appeal.
    Company’s stated mitigation
    Not stated in the filings.
    This site’s assessment
    Impact High / Likelihood Med
  4. 4M&A & integration

    Acquisitions and pipeline

    Company disclosure (summarized from the 10-K)
    Acquired IPR&D can be impaired, as with the $1.75B Immunomedics charge in 2026.
    Company’s stated mitigation
    Not stated in the filings.
    This site’s assessment
    Impact High / Likelihood Med
  5. 5Customer/supplier concentration

    Wholesaler concentration

    Company disclosure (summarized from the 10-K)
    Three wholesalers account for about 90% of U.S. gross product sales.
    Company’s stated mitigation
    Not stated in the filings.
    This site’s assessment
    Impact Med / Likelihood Low

25

What changed in the risk factorsFrom SEC data

Paragraphs in the latest 10-K's Risk Factors that have little overlap with the year before, and paragraphs that were dropped.

New or substantially reworded (8)

  • In addition, future cell therapy products may be subject to a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (“REMS”), which is a drug safety program that the U.S. Read more

    Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) may require for certain drugs. For example, until June 2025, Yescarta and Tecartus were subject to a REMS requirement to manage the risks of cytokine release syndrome and neurologic toxicities, which required a certification process for hospitals and clinics that dispense the products.

  • Additionally, we face public attention and scrutiny related to the complex decisions we make concerning the pricing, global supply and distribution, allocation and intellectual property of our commercialized products, as well as other factors that may contribute to patient access to our medicines, all of which may adversely affect our business and our corporate reputation.

  • • U.S. Congress has enacted the One Big Beautiful Bill (“OBBB”) Act, which made several changes to the Medicaid program, such as imposing Medicaid work requirements and imposing stricter eligibility and enrollment standards. Read more

    Most of these policies will take effect in 2027. In addition, the OBBB Act did not extend the availability of enhanced premium subsidies, which subsidize patient premiums for Affordable Care Act (“ACA”) health insurance exchange

  • plans and expired at the end of 2025. If these subsidies are not reinstated, it is possible that patient enrollment in ACA exchange plans could substantially decrease. Read more

    These changes, individually or in combination, could decrease health insurance coverage for patients taking our medicines, potentially disrupt access to our medicines for some individuals and negatively impact our financial results.

  • • U.S. Department of Commerce initiated an investigation on imports of pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical ingredients, which may result in the current U.S. Read more

    Presidential administration taking actions to impose potential tariffs or importation quotas in the pharmaceutical industry that could increase our manufacturing costs and adversely impact our supply chain resiliency and business competitiveness. For example, in September 2025, the U.S. Presidential administration announced plans to impose up to 100% tariffs on imported branded or patented pharmaceuticals, subject to certain exceptions. The specific impact remains uncertain at this time and is subject to the timing, scope and duration of any tariffs and actions imposed as well as broader tariffs and actions outside of the pharmaceutical industry.

  • • The current U.S. Presidential administration has indicated that it plans to pursue additional policies aimed at lowering prescription drug costs. Read more

    The administration has issued multiple executive orders and statements that illustrate the intent to require pharmaceutical manufacturers to offer U.S. prices based on most favored-nation (“MFN”) lowest prices and that direct specified agency heads to take certain actions if significant progress towards such MFN prices is not achieved. In July 2025, the President sent letters to Gilead and other pharmaceutical manufacturers outlining the steps the President believes pharmaceutical manufacturers must take to bring down the prices of prescription drugs in the U.S. to match the MFN price offered in other developed nations. The administration has announced agreements with certain manufacturers, including Gilead, around these issues and has…

  • • Actions by the current U.S. Presidential administration to reorganize federal health agencies or reduce or pause funding for domestic and international HIV treatment and prevention programs and grants, such as the U.S. Read more

    President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) grants for HIV prevention, may adversely impact our business. Some of these initiatives may be subject to litigation or other challenge, increasing the uncertainty of their effects on our business.

  • A significant portion of the raw materials and intermediates in the manufacturing of our products and product candidates are supplied by third-party suppliers, manufacturers and corporate partners outside of the U.S. Read more

    As a result, any geopolitical or economic factors in a specific country or region, including any new, or changes in or interpretations of existing law, trade regulations, or compliance requirements (such as the recently enacted BIOSECURE Act) or tax that would limit or prevent third parties outside of the U.S. from supplying these materials could adversely affect our ability to manufacture and supply our products to meet market needs and have a material and adverse effect on our operating results. Such factors may also negatively impact our ability to supply our clinical trials and commercial product, which may result in the delay of our clinical trials and regulatory…

No longer in the text (4)

  • • educating and certifying medical personnel regarding the procedures and the potential side effects, such as cytokine release syndrome and neurologic toxicities, in compliance with the Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy program required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”);

  • Some institutional and individual investors continue to use environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) screening criteria to determine whether Gilead qualifies for inclusion in their investment portfolios. Read more

    We are frequently asked by investors and other stakeholders to set ambitious ESG goals and provide new and more robust disclosure on goals, progress toward goals and other matters of interest to ESG stakeholders. In response, we have adapted the tracking and reporting of our corporate responsibility program to various evolving ESG frameworks, and we have established and announced goals and other objectives related to ESG matters. These goal statements reflect our current plans and aspirations and are not guarantees that we will be able to achieve them. Our efforts to accomplish and accurately report on these goals and objectives present numerous operational, reputational, financial,…

  • Our ability to achieve any corporate responsibility goal or objective is subject to numerous risks, many of which are outside of our control. Read more

    Examples of such risks include: (1) the availability and cost of low- or non-carbon-based energy sources and technologies, (2) evolving regulatory requirements affecting ESG standards or disclosures, (3) the availability of suppliers that can meet our corporate responsibility and related standards, (4) our ability to recruit, develop and retain qualified talent in our labor markets and (5) the impact of our organic growth and acquisitions or dispositions of businesses or operations.

  • The standards for tracking and reporting on ESG matters are relatively new, have not been harmonized and continue to evolve. Read more

    Our selection of disclosure frameworks that seek to align with various reporting standards may change from time to time and may result in a lack of consistent or meaningful comparative data from period to period. In addition, regulatory authorities have begun to impose mandatory disclosure requirements with respect to ESG matters, such as regulations proposed or adopted by federal agencies related to climate-related disclosures, claims, practices or initiatives, the EU’s Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive, and California’s Climate-Related Financial Risk Act and the Climate Corporate Data Accountability Act. Our processes and controls may not reflect evolving standards for identifying, measuring and reporting ESG matters, immediately or at all, our…

5 more paragraphs differ; the filings below have the full text.

Matched automatically, quoted as filed, and may include rewording of an existing risk. Compares Item 1A of the 10-K filed Feb 24, 2026 ↗ with the 10-K filed Feb 28, 2025 ↗.

26

What to watch going forwardSite analysis

  • Yeztugo PrEP uptake.
  • Biktarvy and Descovy growth.
  • Integration of Arcellx (anito-cel).
  • Trodelvy after the 2026 impairment.
  • Product liability bellwether trial (March 2027) and Aetna trial (January 2027).

27

Source documentsShow

This page's financial figures come from the Form 10-Ks listed below. Check the original filings for full detail.

Last updated

Analysis last edited: October 31, 2026 · Financial data fetched: October 25, 2026 02:51 (SEC EDGAR) · Source 10-K filed: February 24, 2026

Built on10-K FY2025 · filed 2026-02-24Proxy statement (2026)

Next update expectedAfter FY2026’s 10-K is filed (roughly 60–90 days after fiscal year end (sooner for larger filers)), financials and analysis will be refreshed.

This page is this site’s own analysis based on public information, and does not represent Gilead Sciences’s views. It is not a recommendation to buy or sell any security, and this site does not guarantee the accuracy of any figure or statement here. Always verify against the original source documents before making an investment decision.