KabuDo

NYSE: CI · Managed Health Care

The Cigna Group

The Cigna Group is a health services company with two segments. Evernorth Health Services runs the Express Scripts pharmacy benefit manager, home delivery pharmacy, and Accredo specialty pharmacy (about 83% of segment adjusted revenues before eliminations). Cigna Healthcare provides employer medical plans, individual plans, and international health coverage. It has about 67,700 colleagues and more than 185 million customer relationships. FY2025 revenue was $274.9 billion and shareholders' net income $5.96 billion. In March 2025 it sold its Medicare Advantage business to Health Care Service Corporation, and Brian Evanko became CEO on July 1, 2026.

Last updated

Analysis last edited: November 6, 2026 · Financial data fetched: October 17, 2026 10:20 (SEC EDGAR) · Source 10-K filed: February 26, 2026

Built on10-K FY2025 · filed 2026-02-2610-Q (quarter ended 2026-09-30) · filed 2026-11-05

Next update expectedAfter FY2026’s 10-K is filed (roughly 60–90 days after fiscal year end (sooner for larger filers)), financials and analysis will be refreshed.

01

At a glanceFrom SEC data

Eight headline measures, each placed among the companies covered on this site.

Revenue growth
11.4%

Higher than 69% of 372 non-financial companies

Average yearly growth over the years shown

Operating margin
3.3%

Higher than 10% of 311 non-financial companies

Latest fiscal year (FY2025)

ROIC minus WACC
+4.0 pts

Higher than 53% of 311 non-financial companies

Return on capital above (or below) its estimated cost

Net debt ÷ EBITDA
1.9x

Higher than 51% of 304 non-financial companies

Below 0 means more cash than debt

Cash conversion
1.61x

Higher than 55% of 349 non-financial companies

Operating cash flow ÷ net income

Dividend raises
5 of 5

Years the dividend per share rose, of the last 5

P/E today
13.2x

Latest close 2026-11-04; trailing 12 months to 2026-09-30

Beta
0.48

Above 1 = moves more than the market

Each marker shows where this company sits among the non-financial companies covered on this site, not all listed companies (left = lowest, right = highest). A high position is not automatically good — for net debt ÷ EBITDA, higher means more debt. Details and formulas are in the sections below and in How to read this.

02

Valuation todayFrom SEC data

Price-based measures at the latest close, next to the same measures at the last fiscal year-end.

Share price$299.48close on 2026-11-04

Market cap$78.9B

P/E today
13.2x

At FY2025 year-end: 12.4x

Earnings: trailing 12 months to 2026-09-30

P/B today
1.9x

At FY2025 year-end: 1.7x

Book value at FY2025 year-end

EV/EBITDA today
8.5x

At FY2025 year-end: 8.0x

EBITDA for FY2025

FCF yield today
10.6%

At FY2025 year-end: 11.6%

Free cash flow for FY2025

Dividend yield today
2.0%

Dividends per share for FY2025

“Today” uses the latest closing price (2026-11-04, Yahoo Finance daily closing prices) and shares outstanding at the last fiscal year-end. The rest of this page — including the financial table and ROIC vs. WACC — uses fiscal year-end prices. These are reference figures, not a judgment of whether the stock is cheap or expensive.

03

What changed since last earningsFrom SEC data

The latest reported quarter against the same quarter a year earlier, the balance sheet against the previous quarter-end, and what management said in its latest earnings release.

Quarter ended Sep 30, 2026.

  • Revenue↑ +5.6%$69.75B → $73.68B (vs. a year earlier)
  • Operating margin↓ −0.4 pts3.7% → 3.3% (vs. a year earlier)
  • Net income↓ −22.8%$1.87B → $1.44B (vs. a year earlier)
  • Diluted EPS↓ −21.6%$6.98 → $5.47 (vs. a year earlier)
  • Cash↓ −1.8%$6.3B → $6.19B (vs. previous quarter-end)

Source: Form 10-Q ↗ (SEC XBRL). Long-term debt is the tagged long-term debt figure and leaves out short-term borrowings.

From the earnings release of Nov 5, 2026.

Management outlook ↑ Raised

Raised 2026 adjusted income from operations outlook to at least $30.60 per share. Source sentence
Increasing 2026 outlook for adjusted income from operations 1 to at least $30.60 per share 2

Key changes

  • Q3 revenues up 6% to $73.7B. Source sentence
    Total revenues for the third quarter 2026 increased 6 % to $73.7 billion
  • Customer relationships down 6% from year-end to 177.6M. Source sentence
    Total customer relationships at September 30, 2026 decreased 6% from December 31, 2025 to 177.6 million, due to lower pharmacy and behavioral customers.

Written by AI. A line appears only if its figures and direction match the quoted sentence, which an automatic check confirms. Companies' outlooks are their own and may not be met. Read the release ↗

04

Company profileFrom SEC dataShow

Legal name
Cigna Group
Headquarters
BLOOMFIELD, CT
Incorporated in
Delaware
Fiscal year end
12/31
Exchange & ticker
NYSE: CI
Industry
Managed Health Care
CIK
1739940

Workforce (as of FY2025 year-end)

  • Employees

    67,700

Source: Form 10-K (FY2025) cover page and business description

05

Earnings calendarFrom SEC dataShow

When the company reports each quarter: the quarter-end date, the day results were released, and when the 10-Q or 10-K was filed.

Next report

Q4 FY2026

Quarter end: December 2026. In past years, Q4 results were released 30–36 days after quarter end (Feb 5, 2026; Jan 30, 2025; Feb 2, 2024). No date has been announced in the sources this site uses.

Reporting pattern

  • Fiscal year ends around December 31.
  • Reports four times a year: three quarterly reports (10-Q) and an annual report (10-K) for Q4.
  • Earnings releases came 30–36 days after quarter end over the last 12 quarters.
QuarterQuarter endedEarnings release (8-K)Report filed (10-Q / 10-K)
Q3 FY2026Sep 30, 2026Nov 5, 2026 (+36 days)Nov 5, 2026 10-Q (+36 days)
Q2 FY2026Jun 30, 2026Jul 30, 2026 (+30 days)Jul 30, 2026 10-Q (+30 days)
Q1 FY2026Mar 31, 2026Apr 30, 2026 (+30 days)Apr 30, 2026 10-Q (+30 days)
Q4 FY2025Dec 31, 2025Feb 5, 2026 (+36 days)Feb 26, 2026 10-K (+57 days)
Q3 FY2025Sep 30, 2025Oct 30, 2025 (+30 days)Oct 30, 2025 10-Q (+30 days)
Q2 FY2025Jun 30, 2025Jul 31, 2025 (+31 days)Jul 31, 2025 10-Q (+31 days)
Q1 FY2025Mar 31, 2025May 2, 2025 (+32 days)May 2, 2025 10-Q (+32 days)
Q4 FY2024Dec 31, 2024Jan 30, 2025 (+30 days)Feb 27, 2025 10-K (+58 days)
Q3 FY2024Sep 30, 2024Oct 31, 2024 (+31 days)Oct 31, 2024 10-Q (+31 days)
Q2 FY2024Jun 30, 2024Aug 1, 2024 (+32 days)Aug 1, 2024 10-Q (+32 days)
Q1 FY2024Mar 31, 2024May 2, 2024 (+32 days)May 2, 2024 10-Q (+32 days)
Q4 FY2023Dec 31, 2023Feb 2, 2024 (+33 days)Feb 29, 2024 10-K (+60 days)

Source: SEC EDGAR filing history. Release dates are the dates the earnings release was furnished to the SEC on Form 8-K (Item 2.02), which is normally the day results are announced. For a quarter whose 10-Q or 10-K isn’t filed yet, the date is the latest Item 2.02 8-K since the previous report, which may be a preliminary or other results-related update. Fiscal years are labeled by the calendar year in which they end.

06

Flagship products & servicesSite analysis

  • Evernorth

    Express Scripts

    Examples: PBM services, Express Scripts Pharmacy home delivery

    Claims adjudication, retail networks, formularies, 90-day home delivery.

  • Evernorth

    Accredo and specialty services

    Examples: Specialty pharmacy and distribution

    Specialty drugs for complex conditions.

  • Evernorth

    Rebate-free pharmacy model

    Examples: Upfront manufacturer discounts at the counter

    For Cigna Healthcare fully insured customers from 2027; standard for Evernorth clients from 2028.

  • Cigna Healthcare

    U.S. medical and benefits

    Examples: Employer medical plans, behavioral health, dental

    Insured and self-insured plans; individual and family plans.

  • Cigna Healthcare

    International Health

    Examples: Health coverage in international markets

    Including globally mobile individuals.

Descriptions are from the FY2025 Form 10-K's Item 1.

U.S. and worldwide share of flagship products/services

The filings reviewed give no market share figure for the company's products or services.

Reviewed: Form 10-K (FY2025) · Form 10-Q (quarter ended 2026-06-30)

07

Recent strategic focusSite analysis

Portfolio changes and 2026 developments, from the 10-K and 8-Ks.

  1. Medicare exit

    On March 19, 2025, Cigna completed the sale of its Medicare Advantage, stand-alone Part D, Medicare supplemental, and CareAllies businesses to HCSC; most proceeds went to share repurchases.

    Source: Form 10-K (FY2025) Item 1 and MD&A

  2. CEO succession

    Brian Evanko, President and COO, succeeded David Cordani as CEO on July 1, 2026; Cordani became Executive Chair.

    Source: 8-K filed 2026-03-03

  3. Rebate-free pharmacy model

    Evernorth announced a model making manufacturer discounts available upfront at the pharmacy counter, starting with Cigna Healthcare fully insured customers in 2027.

    Source: Form 10-K (FY2025) Item 1

  4. Q2 2026

    Revenue rose 7% to $71.7B and shareholders' net income was $1.7B ($6.29 per share).

    Source: 8-K filed 2026-07-30 (Exhibit 99.1)

Capex ÷ D&A (FY2025)

0.44x

Below depreciation — investment is being pared back

formulacapital expenditures ÷ depreciation & amortization

e.g.$1,212M ÷ $2,775M = 0.44x

termsCapital expenditures (capex) · Depreciation & amortization (D&A)

M&A spend (6-year total)

$3.15B

Latest year: $597M

Cash-flow-statement spending on acquisitions, net of cash acquired

Where the money goes, over time

Unit: $M. Capex went from $1.09B in FY2020 to $1.21B in FY2025

  • Capex
  • M&A spend

formulacapital expenditures ÷ depreciation & amortization

termsCapital expenditures (capex) · Depreciation & amortization (D&A)

Source: each period's Form 10-K (SEC EDGAR). Latest: filed 2026-02-26

08

Key figures at a glanceFrom SEC data

FY2020–FY2025, 6 years.

Revenue (FY2025)

$274.9B

As reported in the 10-K

Revenue CAGR (5 years)

+11.4%▲favorable

formula(last-period revenue ÷ first-period revenue) ^ (1 ÷ years) − 1

e.g.($274,900M ÷ $160,401M) ^ (1÷5) − 1 = 11.4%

termsCAGR · ^ (exponent) · Revenue (net sales)

Operating margin (FY2025)

3.3%▼caution

-1.7pt vs. 5 years ago

formulaoperating income ÷ revenue × 100

e.g.$9,200M ÷ $274,900M × 100 = 3.3%

termsOperating income · Revenue (net sales)

ROE (FY2025)

14.4%▲favorable

6-year average: 12.7%

As reported in the 10-K

P/B (FY2025 end)

1.74x

formulafiscal year-end closing price ÷ book value per share

e.g.$275.23 ÷ $158.33 = 1.74x

termsP/B · BVPS

Period-end (fiscal year-end) value, not today's P/B

EV/EBITDA (FY2025 end)

8.0x

formula(market cap + interest-bearing debt − cash and equivalents) ÷ (operating income + depreciation & amortization)

e.g.($72,513M + $31,463M − $7,676M) ÷ ($9,200M + $2,775M) = 8.0x

termsEV/EBITDA · Market capitalization · Interest-bearing debt · EBITDA · Depreciation & amortization (D&A)

Period-end (fiscal year-end) value, not today's multiple

  • ▲

    Revenue grew +11.4% a year over 5 years (strong growth)

    From $160.4B in FY2020 to $274.9B in FY2025. The annualized rate (CAGR) makes it possible to compare growth pace across companies of different sizes.

  • ▼

    Operating margin declined: 5.1% → 3.3%

    How much operating profit is left per $100 of revenue. It moved -1.7 points over 5 years — pricing power, cost control, and product mix all show up here.

  • ▼

    Equity ratio is 26.4% (relatively heavy reliance on debt)

    The share of total assets funded by equity rather than debt. 50%+ is often read as low bankruptcy risk, though the right level varies by industry (real estate and leasing run lower, for instance).

  • ▲

    Free cash flow was positive in 6 of 6 years

    Operating cash flow minus capital expenditures: the cash left over after funding the business’s own investment, available for dividends, buybacks, acquisitions, or debt paydown. A negative year can mean heavy investment, or weak core earnings — worth distinguishing.

  • ▲

    ROE averaged 12.7% over 6 years (latest: 14.4%)

    How much profit was generated on shareholders’ equity. Roughly 10%+ is often cited as solid for a U.S. company, though this varies a lot by industry and capital intensity.

09

Business modelSite analysis

Evernorth Health Services

Pharmacy Benefit Services (Express Scripts claims processing, pharmacy networks, formulary management, home delivery) and Specialty and Care Services (Accredo specialty pharmacy, specialty distribution, and care services).

Evernorth Health Services: how money and goods flow
  1. 01 what it draws on

    Inputs & resources

    • Retail pharmacy networks
    • Drug manufacturers and wholesalers (one wholesaler supplies about half of purchases)
  2. 02 what it does

    Activities

    • Adjudicating drug claims and managing formularies
    • Dispensing home delivery and specialty drugs
  3. 03 who it serves

    Customers

    • Employers, health plans (e.g., Centene, Prime Therapeutics), government (TRICARE)
  4. 04 how money comes in

    How it earns

    • Drug sales and dispensing fees
    • Administrative fees

Evernorth Health Services: how it makes money

  • Adjusted revenues $235.0B (+16%) and pre-tax adjusted income $7.22B in FY2025.
  • Pharmacy claim volume was 2.22 billion adjusted claims in 2025; contracts with its three largest clients run through the end of the decade.

Cigna Healthcare

U.S. Healthcare (insured and self-insured employer medical plans, individual and family plans, and behavioral, dental, and other benefits) and International Health.

Cigna Healthcare: how money and goods flow
  1. 01 what it draws on

    Inputs & resources

    • Network of about 1.7 million physicians and 6,000+ hospitals
  2. 02 what it does

    Activities

    • Administering and insuring medical plans
    • Care management
  3. 03 who it serves

    Customers

    • Employers and individuals in the U.S. and international markets
  4. 04 how money comes in

    How it earns

    • Premiums
    • Administrative fees

Cigna Healthcare: how it makes money

  • Adjusted revenues $47.2B (−11% after the Medicare sale) and pre-tax adjusted income $4.15B in FY2025.

Government & regulation around the business

Non-market factors from the company’s filings: what governments and regulators fund, buy, set, approve or restrict, and which part of the flow above each one touches.

Cigna depends on government-sponsored programs and sold its Medicare businesses.

  • Regulated prices & reimbursement

    Government reimbursement

    Concerns over government-sponsored programs may cut reimbursement rates or delay payments.

    Constrains the businessTouches: How it earns

    Source: Form 10-K (FY2025)

  • Government as customer

    Government programs and contracts

    Completed the sale of its Medicare Advantage and related businesses.

    Supports and constrainsTouches: Customers · How it earns

    Source: Form 10-K (FY2025)

Revenue by segment (FY2025)

Unit: $M — bar length = revenue, (%) = share of total company revenue, margin = segment profit ÷ segment revenue × 100

  • Evernorth Health Services

    234,953 (83%)

    profit 7,221 · margin 3.1%

  • Cigna Healthcare

    47,163 (17%)

    profit 4,153 · margin 8.8%

Source: Form 10-K (FY2025) — MD&A, Financial highlights by segment Revenue is adjusted revenues and profit is pre-tax adjusted income from operations (non-GAAP segment measures). Corporate eliminations (−$8.1B of revenue, −$1.6B of income) and Other Operations are excluded.

10

Contract structureSite analysisShow

Short-term or spot sales carry different earnings quality than long-term or auto-renewing contracts — this shows how the company actually contracts with its customers.

Evernorth earns revenue on prescription drugs dispensed through its networks and pharmacies, with key client contracts renewed through the end of the decade. Cigna Healthcare earns premiums on insured plans and fees on self-insured plans.

  • Centene PBM agreement

    One of three clients that each drive significant Evernorth revenue

    Typical term: Multiyear, from January 1, 2024

    Pharmacy benefit services for Centene's customers.

  • Prime Therapeutics agreements

    One of three significant Evernorth clients

    Retail network, Accredo, home delivery, and manufacturer value.

  • TRICARE (Department of War)

    One of three significant Evernorth clients

    Military health care pharmacy program.

Source: Form 10-K (FY2025) — Item 1 and MD&A

11

Alliances & capital tiesSite analysisShow

Equity stakes, joint ventures, and strategic partnerships disclosed across the 10-K, 8-Ks, and proxy statement.

  • Capital tie / equity stake

    Shields Health Solutions

    Cigna invested in this specialty pharmacy management company in 2025, partly funded with a $2.0B term loan later repaid.

    Source: Form 10-K (FY2025) — MD&A and Note 7

12

Customers & suppliersSite analysis

Who the company sells to and buys from. Companies rarely name either, so named counterparties come only from the company's own filings and press releases; otherwise this lists the concentration figures the 10-K discloses.

Customers

Employers, health plans, government programs, and individuals; more than 185 million customer relationships.

Named by the company

Suppliers

Drug manufacturers, wholesalers, retail pharmacies, and health care providers.

Named by the company

None named in the 10-K or the company’s press releases.

What the filings disclose

  • Evernorth uses one wholesaler for about half of its pharmaceutical purchases. (Form 10-K (FY2025), Item 1)

13

Competitors & peersSite analysis

Competitors the 10-K names, and the peer group the company itself chose in its proxy statement. Nothing here is this site's own pick.

Cigna's 10-K lists competitor types — PBMs, retail, home delivery, and specialty pharmacies, specialty distributors, health plans, TPAs, and data analytics firms for Evernorth; national insurers, local health plans, TPAs, dental insurers, and global insurers for Cigna Healthcare — without naming companies.

Competitors named in the 10-K

Cigna's 10-K doesn't name competitors.

Peer group the company chose

2025 compensation peer group, from the proxy statement. Peers are companies the board considers comparable — for example when setting executive pay — not necessarily direct competitors.

24 companies in managed care, PBM, retail distribution, financial services, and logistics with revenue above $50B. Walgreens was acquired in August 2025.

Source: Proxy statement (DEF 14A, filed 2026-03-13) — Compensation Peer Group

Company names link to this site’s analysis where one exists; “site ↗” opens the company’s own website.

14

M&A historySite analysisShow

Companies acquired over the last five years, plus older large acquisitions that still anchor a current business — what each was bought to do, and what happened afterward. From the 10-K, 8-Ks, and the company's press releases.

Recent capital moves include exiting Medicare and investing in specialty pharmacy.

Cash spent on acquisitions, FY2020–FY2025: $3.15B

  1. Mar 2025

    Sale of Medicare businesses to HCSC

    $4.9B final purchase price

    Medicare Advantage, stand-alone Part D, Medicare supplemental, and CareAllies.

    Stated purpose (company)
    Proceeds used in line with capital deployment priorities, mostly share repurchases.

    Source: Form 10-K (FY2025) — MD&A and cash flow statement

  2. 2025

    Investment in Shields Health Solutions

    Not stated; partly funded by a $2.0B term loan

    Specialty pharmacy management company.

    Stated purpose (company)
    Not stated in the filings.

    Source: Form 10-K (FY2025) — Note 7

15

Six years of financialsFrom SEC data

Each chart's axis holds a single unit (never mixing dollars, %, and $/share). The table's per-period header links to the filing the numbers came from.

Revenue over time

Unit: $M

Source: each period's Form 10-K (SEC EDGAR). Latest: filed 2026-02-26

Profit over time (operating → net)

Unit: $M

  • Operating income
  • Pretax income
  • Net income

Source: each period's Form 10-K (SEC EDGAR). Latest: filed 2026-02-26

Margins over time

Unit: %

  • Operating margin
  • Net margin

formulaoperating income ÷ revenue × 100

termsOperating income · Revenue (net sales)

formulanet income attributable to the company ÷ revenue × 100

termsNet income (attributable to the company)

Cash flow over time

Unit: $M (below zero = cash went out)

  • Operating CF
  • Investing CF
  • Free CF

formulacash flow from operations − capital expenditures

termsFree cash flow (FCF) · Cash flow from operations (operating CF) · Capital expenditures (capex)

Source: each period's Form 10-K (SEC EDGAR). Latest: filed 2026-02-26

Financial stability & capital efficiency

Unit: %

  • Equity ratio
  • ROE

formulatotal equity ÷ total assets × 100 (as reported in the 10-K)

termsStockholders’ equity · Total assets

formulanet income ÷ average equity (beginning + ending, ÷2) × 100 (as reported in the 10-K)

termsNet income (attributable to the company) · Stockholders’ equity

Earnings per share (EPS) and dividend per share

Unit: $

  • EPS
  • Dividend per share

Source: each period's Form 10-K (SEC EDGAR). Latest: filed 2026-02-26

Line itemFY202010-K on EDGAR ↗FY202110-K on EDGAR ↗FY202210-K on EDGAR ↗FY202310-K on EDGAR ↗FY202410-K on EDGAR ↗FY202510-K on EDGAR ↗
Income statement ($M)
Revenue160,401174,069180,518195,265247,121274,900
Operating income8,1537,9418,4508,5369,4179,200
Pretax income10,8686,7908,3975,5135,2697,781
Net income (attributable)8,4895,4206,7825,1643,4345,957
Revenue growthcalc(this year’s revenue − last year’s revenue) ÷ last year’s revenue × 100—8.5%3.7%8.2%26.6%11.2%
Operating margincalcoperating income ÷ revenue × 1005.1%4.6%4.7%4.4%3.8%3.3%
Net margincalcnet income attributable to the company ÷ revenue × 1005.3%3.1%3.8%2.6%1.4%2.2%
Balance sheet ($M)
Total assets155,451154,889143,885152,761155,881157,919
Total equity50,32147,11244,68846,24441,24341,874
Interest-bearing debtSum of short- and long-term borrowings, notes/bonds payable32,91933,67031,09330,93031,97231,463
Equity ratio32.4%30.4%31.0%30.3%26.3%26.4%
ROE16.9%11.1%14.8%11.4%7.9%14.4%
Cash flow ($M)
Operating CF10,3507,1918,65611,81310,3639,601
Investing CF2,976-3,6113,098-5,174-2,102-4,407
Financing CF-8,533-8,212-11,240-4,294-7,647-6,421
Free cash flowcalccash flow from operations − capital expenditures9,2566,0377,36110,2408,9578,389
Cash and equivalents10,1825,0815,9247,8227,5507,676
Per share & other
EPS ($)22.9615.7521.4117.3912.1222.18
BVPS ($)141.84145.88149.58158.03149.87158.33
Dividend per share ($)0.044.004.484.925.606.04
Payout ratiocalcdividend per share ÷ diluted EPS × 1000.2%25.4%20.9%28.3%46.2%27.2%
P/E (x)9.114.615.517.222.812.4
EV/EBITDA (x)calc(market cap + interest-bearing debt − cash and equivalents) ÷ (operating income + depreciation & amortization)8.89.510.99.68.28.0
P/B (x)calcfiscal year-end closing price ÷ book value per share1.471.572.221.891.841.74

P/B and EV/EBITDA use each period’s period-end (fiscal year-end) figures, not the current share price. Figures without a "calc" tag are as reported in the Form 10-K (the consolidated financial statements and, for older years, earlier 10-Ks), pulled automatically from SEC EDGAR. Where a later filing restated a prior period, the restated figure is used.

Last 8 quarters

Three-month figures from 10-Q filings. Change is versus the same quarter a year earlier. Newest quarter on top.

Quarter endedRevenueOperating incomeNet incomeDiluted EPS
2026-09-30$73.68B+5.6%$2.4B-7.1%$1.44B-22.8%$5.47
2026-06-30$71.67B+6.7%$2.68B+16.0%$1.66B+8.4%$6.29
2026-03-31$68.49B+4.6%$2.36B+19.6%$1.65B+25.0%$6.26
2025-12-31 †$72.47B+10.4%$2.35B+7.9%$1.23B—
2025-09-30$69.75B$2.58B$1.87B$6.98
2025-06-30$67.18B$2.31B$1.53B$5.71
2025-03-31$65.5B$1.97B$1.32B$4.85
2024-12-31 †$65.65B$2.17B——

† Fourth quarter = the 10-K’s annual figure minus the first three quarters; quarterly EPS isn’t derived this way because share counts change during the year.

16

Is ROIC above WACC?From SEC data

ROIC (the return on money invested in the business) above WACC (the cost of raising that money) means the company is creating value. WACC is an estimate, so its assumptions can be adjusted below.

ROIC (FY2025)

10.4%

formulaoperating income × (1 − tax rate) ÷ invested capital × 100 *invested capital = interest-bearing debt + total equity (average of beginning/ending)

e.g.$9,200M × (1 − 17%) ÷ $73,276M × 100 = 10.4%

termsOperating income · Effective tax rate · Invested capital · Interest-bearing debt · Total equity

WACC (this site’s estimate)

6.41%

formulacost of equity × equity weight + cost of debt × (1 − tax rate) × debt weight

e.g.Equity weight: $72.51B ÷ ($72.51B + $31.46B) = 69.7%

e.g.Debt weight: $31.46B ÷ ($72.51B + $31.46B) = 30.3%

e.g.WACC: 7.6% × 69.7% + 4.4% × (1 − 17%) × 30.3% = 6.41%

termsCost of equity · Equity weight (E/(D+E)) · Cost of debt · (1 − tax rate) · Debt weight (D/(D+E)) · Market capitalization

ROIC − WACC

+4.0pt▲favorable

Earning more than the cost of capital (ROIC > WACC in 6 of 6 years)

formulaROIC − WACC (positive means the business earns more than its cost of capital)

termsROIC · WACC

How firm is this? With the equity risk premium ±1 point and beta ±0.2, WACC runs 5.4%–7.7% and ROIC − WACC runs +2.8 to +5.0 points. The sign holds across this range. This describes the latest year and does not predict future value creation.

WACC 6.41% is this site’s estimate under the assumptions below (not a figure the company has published)

Risk-free rate
4.95% (10-year Treasury, 2026-11-03)
β
0.48 (price-derived adjusted beta, but correlation with the market is low (R² 0.01), so reliability is limited)
Equity risk premium
5.5%
Cost of equity
7.59%
Cost of debt
4.45%
Tax rate
17% (effective rate, FY2023–FY2025)
Capital structure (equity : debt)
70% : 30%
→ Change assumptions and recalculate

ROIC over time, vs. WACC

Unit: % — bars = each period's ROIC, horizontal line = latest WACC. Bars above the line are green, below are red

  • ROIC (above WACC)
  • ROIC (below WACC)
  • WACC 6.41%

formulaoperating income × (1 − tax rate) ÷ invested capital × 100 *invested capital = interest-bearing debt + total equity (average of beginning/ending)

termsOperating income · Effective tax rate · Invested capital · Interest-bearing debt · Total equity

formulacost of equity × equity weight + cost of debt × (1 − tax rate) × debt weight

termsCost of equity · Equity weight (E/(D+E)) · Cost of debt · (1 − tax rate) · Debt weight (D/(D+E)) · Market capitalization

Try different WACC assumptions

β and the equity risk premium are estimates with a real range of plausible values — move the sliders to check whether ROIC > WACC still holds. The risk-free rate starts at the 10-year Treasury yield on 2026-11-03 (U.S. Treasury).

Initial β: 0.48 (price-derived adjusted beta. Raw β 0.22, R² 0.01, 130 weeks)

formula0.67 × β + 0.33 (β = the slope of weekly stock returns regressed on weekly market returns)

e.g.0.67 × 0.220 + 0.33 = 0.478

termsβ (beta)

Period 2024-05-10–2026-11-04, using S&P 500 ETF (SPY) as the market proxy. Source: Yahoo Finance price history.

Cost of equity7.59%

formularisk-free rate + β × equity risk premium

e.g.5.0% + 0.48 × 5.5% = 7.6%

termsCAPM · Risk-free rate · β (beta) · Equity risk premium (market risk premium)

Market value of equity$72.51B

formulafiscal year-end closing price × shares outstanding (= market cap)

termsMarket capitalization · Market value of equity

Interest-bearing debt$31.46B
Cost of debt4.45%

formulainterest expense ÷ interest-bearing debt × 100 (clamped to 0–10%; falls back to the risk-free rate if there’s no debt)

termsInterest-bearing debt · Risk-free rate

Capital structure (equity weight : debt weight)70% : 30%

17

What the price implies (DCF)From SEC data

A company's value can be written as its free cash flow divided by (cost of capital − perpetual growth). Working that backwards from the market's valuation shows how much growth the share price assumed — compared here with the company's actual past growth.

Growth the price implies (price on 2026-11-04)

-1.8%

Perpetual FCF growth: g = r − FCF ÷ EV = 6.4% − 8.3%

Past FCF growth (FY2020–FY2025)

-1.9%

Compound annual rate, 5 years

Past revenue growth (FY2020–FY2025)

+11.4%

Compound annual rate, 5 years

Inputs (FY2025): free cash flow $8.39B (operating CF − capex); enterprise value $101.63B = market cap $78.9B (latest close, 2026-11-04) + debt $31.46B − cash and short-term investments $8.73B; r = WACC of 6.4% using this page’s default assumptions (β 0.48, risk-free 5.0%, market premium 5.5%).

Three WACC scenarios

The same calculation under cautious, base and optimistic cost-of-capital assumptions (risk-free rate fixed at the 10-year Treasury yield). Pick one to load it into the sliders below.

Try your own assumptions

V = FCF ÷ (r − g). It starts at the implied growth rate, where the theoretical value equals today’s enterprise value.

Theoretical enterprise value

$102.3B

FCF $8.39B ÷ (6.4% − -1.8%)

Theoretical ÷ actual enterprise value

1.01x

Above 1x: these assumptions value the business above the market did

How sensitive the answer is

Theoretical ÷ actual enterprise value for each combination of r and g.

g \ r4.4%5.4%6.4%7.4%8.4%
0%1.88x1.53x1.29x1.12x0.98x
2%3.44x2.43x1.88x1.53x1.29x
4%20.64x5.90x3.44x2.43x1.88x
6%——20.64x5.90x3.44x
8%————20.64x

A simplified model for seeing what the market price assumes, not a forecast or a target price. It treats free cash flow as growing at one constant rate forever; the result swings widely with small changes in r and g, and is undefined when g reaches r. Free cash flow here is operating cash flow minus capex, which is after interest — a full DCF of enterprise value would use cash flow before interest. Market cap uses the latest close (2026-11-04) × shares at fiscal year-end; free cash flow and WACC inputs are from the latest fiscal year.

18

Earnings qualityFrom SEC dataShow

The same reported profit can mean different things depending on whether it's backed by cash, driven by the core business, or the result of a one-off item. Four checks below.

  • ✓

    Operating CF ÷ net income: averages 1.79x

    Profit is backed by cash coming in.

  • ✓

    Accrual ratio (latest): -2.3%

    A small share of profit rests on accounting estimates.

  • ✓

    Core-earnings share (operating income ÷ pretax income): 118%

    Most profit comes from core operations.

  • ✓

    Days sales outstanding: 28 → 35 days

    No major slowdown in collecting on sales.

Operating CF vs. net income

Unit: $M — operating CF above net income means profit is backed by cash

  • Operating CF
  • Net income

formulacash flow from operations ÷ net income attributable to the company

termsCash flow from operations (operating CF) · Net income (attributable to the company)

formula(net income − operating CF) ÷ average total assets × 100

termsNet income (attributable to the company) · Cash flow from operations (operating CF) · Total assets

Source: each period's Form 10-K (SEC EDGAR). Latest: filed 2026-02-26

Profit bridge (FY2025)

Unit: $M — what moved profit from operating income to net income

  • Profit (each stage)
  • Pushed profit up
  • Pushed profit down

formulaoperating income ÷ income before income taxes × 100

termsOperating income · Income before income taxes (pretax income)

Source: each period's Form 10-K (SEC EDGAR). Latest: filed 2026-02-26

Receivables & inventory days

Unit: days — days grow when receivables or inventory build up faster than sales

  • Days sales outstanding
  • Days inventory outstanding

formulaaverage receivables (opening + closing ÷ 2) ÷ revenue × 365

termsAccounts receivable · Revenue (net sales)

formulaaverage inventory (opening + closing ÷ 2) ÷ cost of revenue × 365

termsInventory · Cost of revenue (COGS)

Worked examples (latest period)

formulacash flow from operations ÷ net income attributable to the company

e.g.$9,601M ÷ $5,957M = 1.61x

termsCash flow from operations (operating CF) · Net income (attributable to the company)

formulaoperating income ÷ income before income taxes × 100

e.g.$9,200M ÷ $7,781M × 100 = 118%

termsOperating income · Income before income taxes (pretax income)

formulaaverage receivables (opening + closing ÷ 2) ÷ revenue × 365

e.g.($24,227M + $28,768M) ÷ 2 ÷ $274,900M × 365 = 35 days

termsAccounts receivable · Revenue (net sales)

formulaaverage inventory (opening + closing ÷ 2) ÷ cost of revenue × 365

e.g.($6,692M + $7,338M) ÷ 2 ÷ $214,991M × 365 = 12 days

termsInventory · Cost of revenue (COGS)

19

Who holds the sharesFrom SEC dataShow

How much of the stock large institutional investors report owning on SEC Form 13F, how much the directors and executive officers hold (and how much of the vote they control), and roughly how much is left for individual investors. Shown next to beta so the holder mix can be read alongside how much the stock swings.

Institutions, insiders and everyone else, 13F holdings as of 2026-06-30

“Everyone else” is what remains after shares reported on Form 13F and shares held by directors and executive officers: mostly individual investors, plus non-insider families or foundations and smaller or foreign institutions. The figures have different dates and 13F reports count some shares twice — read it as an approximate split.

Held by 13F filers
89.9%
Directors & officers (shares)
0.6%
Everyone else (est.)
9.5%

individuals and other non-13F holders

Directors & officers (voting power)
0.6%

no separate voting figure; shown as shares

Institutional-ownership rank
191 of 416

1 = most institutional; 46% of covered companies have more

Beta (adjusted)
0.48

above 1 = swings more than the market

  • 237.5M shares reported by 1,690 13F filers ÷ 264.2M shares outstanding on 2026-07-24. Option positions are excluded.
  • Directors and executive officers as a group, from the proxy statement’s beneficial-ownership table; includes shares they can acquire within 60 days.
  • A large “everyone else” share can still reflect a family, trust or foundation stake held outside the board; check the proxy statement’s 5% holders.

Sources: SEC Form 13F data set (holdings as of 2026-06-30) · Form DEF 14A filed 2026-03-13 (beneficial ownership table) · Form 10-Q cover page (shares outstanding as of 2026-07-24)

20

Strengths & weaknessesSite analysis

Strengths

  1. 1. Scale in pharmacy services

    Evernorth adjusted revenues grew 16% to $235.0B in 2025, and specialty pharmacy drove pre-tax adjusted income growth in Specialty and Care Services (+8%).

    Evidence: Form 10-K (FY2025) MD&A

  2. 2. Long client contracts

    Contracts with Evernorth's three largest clients were renewed or extended through the end of the decade.

    Evidence: Form 10-K (FY2025) MD&A

  3. 3. Shareholder returns

    Repurchased $3.6B of stock in 2025 and $7.0B in 2024; shares outstanding fell from 322.9M (2021) to 263.5M (2025), and dividends per share rose from $4.00 to $6.04.

    Evidence: Form 10-K (FY2025) cash flow statement; SEC EDGAR XBRL

  4. 4. Raised 2026 outlook

    Q2 2026 adjusted EPS (non-GAAP) was $7.78 (vs. $7.20), and the 2026 outlook rose to at least $30.45.

    Evidence: 8-K filed 2026-07-30 (Exhibit 99.1)

Weaknesses

  1. 1. Thin margins

    Operating income was $9.2B on $274.9B of revenue in 2025 (3.3%).

    Evidence: SEC EDGAR XBRL

  2. 2. Volatile GAAP earnings

    Net income fell to $3.43B in 2024 with $2.5B of net investment losses, then rose to $5.96B in 2025.

    Evidence: Form 10-K (FY2025) MD&A

  3. 3. Client concentration in Evernorth

    Three clients — Centene, Prime Therapeutics, and TRICARE — each drive significant Evernorth revenue.

    Evidence: Form 10-K (FY2025) Item 1

21

What draws investors to itSite analysis

Why the stock can look attractive to investors — each point paired with what has to hold for it to stay true, and the opposing view. This is this site's analysis, not a recommendation to buy or sell.

P/E (FY2025)

12.4x

Price at fiscal year-end ÷ diluted EPS

Dividend yield (FY2025)

2.19%

Dividends per share ÷ fiscal year-end price

Payout ratio (FY2025)

27%

Dividends per share ÷ diluted EPS

FCF yield (FY2025)

11.6%

(Operating CF − capex) ÷ market cap

  1. 1. Buyback-driven EPS growth

    EPS was $22.18 in 2025 versus $15.75 in 2021, helped by a share count about 18% lower.

    What has to hold
    Evernorth keeps growing and cash is returned to shareholders.
    The other side
    PBM regulation and the rebate-free model could pressure margins.

    Evidence: SEC EDGAR XBRL

  2. 2. Dividend growth

    Dividends per share rose from $4.00 (2021) to $6.04 (2025).

    What has to hold
    Earnings stay stable.
    The other side
    The payout is still small relative to buybacks.

    Evidence: SEC EDGAR XBRL

P/E, dividend yield, payout ratio, and FCF yield use the FY2025 year-end share price.

22

ResilienceSite analysisShow

How well the company could absorb a bad year: its financial buffer, how its revenue and profit held up in the worst year on record, and what the 10-K says about the business's exposure to shocks. Figures and filing statements only — no overall rating.

1. Financial buffer (FY2025)

Cash & short-term investments ÷ debt due within a year

14.8x

$8.73B vs. $592M

Interest coverage (operating income ÷ interest expense)

6.6x

$9.2B vs. $1.4B

Free cash flow ÷ dividends paid

5.2x

$8.39B vs. $1.61B (FCF = operating CF − capex)

2. Worst year in the record, and the recovery

FigureWorst year-over-year changeBack to the prior level?
RevenueNo decline in the record—
Operating income-2.6% in FY2021 ($8.15B → $7.94B)Yes, by FY2022

Covers only the 6 fiscal years on record (FY2020–FY2025), which may not include a full recession — the worst year here isn’t necessarily how the company would fare in a severe downturn.

3. Business resilience (from the 10-K)

  • Cash flow

    Operating cash flow of $9.6B in 2025.

    Source: SEC EDGAR XBRL

  • Diversification

    Two segments across pharmacy services and medical benefits, in more than 30 markets.

    Source: Form 10-K (FY2025), Item 1

24

Risks (including geopolitical)Site analysis

Starting from the 10-K's Risk Factors section, organized by category — geopolitical, currency, raw materials, regulatory, disaster, and more — with impact and likelihood assessed by this site.

Risk map

Vertical = impact on results, horizontal = likelihood. Upper right = most severe. Numbers match the list below (placement is this site’s own assessment).

Impact
High
2
1
Med
345
Low
LowMedHigh

Likelihood →

"Company disclosure" vs. "this site’s assessment"

The description and mitigation for each risk are this site’s summary of the 10-K’s "Risk Factors" section. Impact and likelihood are this site’s own assessment, not the company’s — where the company discloses its own likelihood assessment, that is noted in the summary.

Impact is judged from how large the affected business is relative to total revenue/profit, and from the risk’s track record of moving results in the past. Likelihood is judged from the filing’s wording and the current business environment (already occurring, or recurring). See the rating criteria.

  1. 1Law & regulation

    PBM regulation and drug pricing

    Company disclosure (summarized from the 10-K)
    Changes in drug pricing, industry pricing benchmarks, and regulation of pharmacy benefit managers could affect results.
    Company’s stated mitigation
    Rebate-free pharmacy model planned from 2027–2028 to pass discounts upfront and improve transparency.
    This site’s assessment
    Impact High / Likelihood Med
  2. 2Customer/supplier concentration

    Key clients and suppliers

    Company disclosure (summarized from the 10-K)
    Three large Evernorth clients, key pharmaceutical manufacturers, and one wholesaler for about half of drug purchases.
    Company’s stated mitigation
    Client contracts extended through the end of the decade; contracts with alternate wholesalers.
    This site’s assessment
    Impact High / Likelihood Low
  3. 3Costs & inflation

    Medical cost trend

    Company disclosure (summarized from the 10-K)
    Actual medical claims may exceed estimates, and premiums may be insufficient to cover costs.
    Company’s stated mitigation
    Not stated in the filings.
    This site’s assessment
    Impact Med / Likelihood Med
  4. 4Competition & technology shift

    Competition

    Company disclosure (summarized from the 10-K)
    Evernorth competes with PBMs, pharmacies, specialty distributors, and health plans; Cigna Healthcare with national and local insurers, TPAs, and others.
    Company’s stated mitigation
    Not stated in the filings.
    This site’s assessment
    Impact Med / Likelihood Med
  5. 5Information security

    Cyberattacks

    Company disclosure (summarized from the 10-K)
    A 2024 ransomware attack on Change Healthcare, a service provider, disrupted some of Cigna's pharmacy benefit services.
    Company’s stated mitigation
    Security validations before reconnecting affected systems.
    This site’s assessment
    Impact Med / Likelihood Med

25

What changed in the risk factorsFrom SEC data

Paragraphs in the latest 10-K's Risk Factors that have little overlap with the year before, and paragraphs that were dropped.

New or substantially reworded (3)

  • • the impact or consequences of legislation, executive actions or regulatory changes including premium rate increases, public debates over drug pricing, government involvement in drug pricing and purchasing, and public debate over current or proposed legislation;

  • Extensive health care regulation and enforcement, including fraud, waste and abuse laws, could increase our compliance costs, restrict our operations and expose us to significant liability.

  • Our use of AI and ML technologies, as well as more recent technological advances in AI/ML, pose risks to us and subject us to new and existing laws and regulations. Read more

    The use of generative AI, a relatively new and emerging technology still in the early stages of commercial use, potentially exposes us to additional risks, such as damage to our reputation, competitive position, and business, legal and regulatory risks and additional costs. For example, generative AI has been known to produce false or “hallucinatory” inferences or output. Certain generative AI uses ML and predictive analytics, which can produce inaccurate, incomplete or misleading content; unintended biases and other discriminatory or unexpected results; or errors and inadequacies, any of which may not be easily detectable by us or any of our related service providers. Accordingly, while AI systems may help provide more…

No longer in the text (4)

  • • develop and bring to market new and innovative products, solutions or programs that focus on improving patient outcomes and experiences, assist in controlling costs, respond to government regulation or respond to challenges within the health care system;

  • Our success depends, in part, on our ability to compete effectively in our markets, set prices appropriately in highly competitive markets to keep or increase our market share, increase customers, differentiate our business offerings, provide quality and satisfactory levels of service, and retain accounts with favorable medical cost experience or more profitable products.

  • Our ability to achieve the anticipated benefits of strategic transactions, including synergies, cost savings, innovation and operational efficiencies, is subject to numerous uncertainties and risks, including our ability to successfully combine or separate business operations, resources and systems, including data security systems and internal financial control standards, in an efficient and effective manner. Integration and separation activities may result in additional and unforeseen expenses, and the anticipated benefits may not be fully realized or may take longer to realize than expected. These activities are complex, costly and time-consuming and may divert management's attention from ongoing business concerns. Delays or issues encountered in these activities could have a material adverse effect on the revenues, expenses, operating results and financial condition of the Company.…

  • Strategic transactions could result in increased costs, including facilities and systems consolidation or separation costs and costs to retain key employees, decreases in expected revenues, earnings or cash flows, and goodwill or other intangible asset impairment charges. As of December 31, 2024, our goodwill and other intangible assets had a carrying value of approximately $73.8 billion, representing 47% of our total consolidated assets. The value of our goodwill may be materially and adversely impacted if the businesses we acquire do not perform in a manner consistent with our assumptions. Future evaluations requiring an impairment to goodwill and other intangible assets could materially affect our results of operations and shareholders' equity in the period in which the impairment occurs. A material decrease in shareholders' equity could negatively impact our debt ratings or…

7 more paragraphs differ; the filings below have the full text.

Matched automatically, quoted as filed, and may include rewording of an existing risk. Compares Item 1A of the 10-K filed Feb 26, 2026 ↗ with the 10-K filed Feb 27, 2025 ↗.

26

What to watch going forwardSite analysis

  • Effects of the rebate-free model on Evernorth earnings.
  • PBM regulatory and legislative changes.
  • Medical cost trends in Cigna Healthcare.
  • Leadership transition to CEO Brian Evanko.
  • Buybacks and dividend growth.

27

Source documentsShow

This page's financial figures come from the Form 10-Ks listed below. Check the original filings for full detail.

Last updated

Analysis last edited: November 6, 2026 · Financial data fetched: October 17, 2026 10:20 (SEC EDGAR) · Source 10-K filed: February 26, 2026

Built on10-K FY2025 · filed 2026-02-26

Next update expectedAfter FY2026’s 10-K is filed (roughly 60–90 days after fiscal year end (sooner for larger filers)), financials and analysis will be refreshed.

This page is this site’s own analysis based on public information, and does not represent The Cigna Group’s views. It is not a recommendation to buy or sell any security, and this site does not guarantee the accuracy of any figure or statement here. Always verify against the original source documents before making an investment decision.